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白族土八碗

白族红白喜事宴客中的八大碗是白族传统饮食文化的集中表现。


宴桌是八仙桌(正方形的大理石雕花桌),一般8个人为一桌,菜肴上8个,俗称“八大碗”。白族土八碗荤素搭配和理,肥而不腻,素而不淡,营养丰富。炸、酥、炖、煮齐全,有蒸有氽,色泽鲜艳多彩,突出白族饮食酸辣口味特色。席面用料简单,但形式和礼仪隆重,所用器皿一般是本地产的土碗、红竹筷子等,很少用高档瓷器,但并不显得粗糙和简陋。所用餐桌很考究,一般选用剑川土漆雕花八仙桌,餐桌一般摆在婚礼彩棚下,加上菜肴色泽塔配美观,显得古色古香。第一轮先由客人中有声望的老人入席,俗称“开席”。此时,唢呐鼓乐吹奏,主人迎客,气氛热闹,表现了白族尊重老人的传统美德。席间,客人可分菜和带菜回家。土八碗中的主菜(荤菜),一般都有定数,每人可吃到两块(片)肉,碗中垫底的素菜可加添多次。因此,客人都备有菜叶子(现用塑料食品袋)竹签将分到的肉包起来或串起来带回家给老人或小孩吃,寓意为带回喜气和福气>白族土八碗的各道菜各有一套烹饪方法。主菜“红肉大炖”用肥瘦相间的猪肉切块,用白酒浸泡的红曲米将肉染红炖熟,红白相间,富有喜气。“酥肉”是将半肥半瘦的猪肉切块上调料,用蛋糊包裹后下油锅炸至金黄色,冷却后在煮,,装碗后撒上些芝麻,黄白相间香气诱人。“千张肉”,即酸菜扣肉,色金红,味酸甜,肉皮呈波纹状,外观爽目。“粉蒸肉”是将较肥的五花肉煮熟切片,拌上调料和炒得喷香的米细粒,装碗上笼蒸熟,肉肥而不腻,香气缭绕。“干香”(拼盘)是土八碗中唯一的一碗凉拌菜,将卤熟的猪肉、肝、肚切片,盖在用酸菜或泡萝卜垫底的碗上,淋上又酸又辣的配汁,其味为酸、辣、凉。“煮白扁豆”、“煮竹笋”、“杂碎汤”是富含碳水化合物、植物纤维素的素菜和汤菜。


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